40 MCQs with Answers for Biology students

1. Evolution means

A. Sudden change
B. Gradual change over time
C. Instant mutation
D. None

✅ Answer: B

2. Father of Evolution is

A. Lamarck
B. Darwin
C. Mendel
D. Wallace

✅ Answer: B

3. Darwin proposed the theory of

A. Mutation
B. Natural selection
C. Use and disuse
D. Genetic drift

✅ Answer: B

4. Lamarck proposed evolution through

A. Survival of the fittest
B. Natural selection
C. Use and disuse of organs
D. Gene mutation

✅ Answer: C

5. Book written by Darwin is

A. Origin of Life
B. Origin of Species
C. Theory of Mutation
D. Evolutionary Genetics

✅ Answer: B

6. Term “Survival of the fittest” was given by

A. Darwin
B. Lamarck
C. Herbert Spencer
D. Mendel

✅ Answer: C

7. Natural selection operates on

A. Genotype
B. Phenotype
C. Cell organelles
D. DNA only

✅ Answer: B

8. Variation is essential for

A. Photosynthesis
B. Evolution
C. Respiration
D. Digestion

✅ Answer: B

9. Evolution is mainly driven by

A. Mutation
B. Variation and selection
C. Reproduction
D. Growth

✅ Answer: B

10. Industrial melanism was observed in

A. Sparrows
B. Peppered moth
C. Frogs
D. Humans

✅ Answer: B

11. Peppered moth example supports

A. Lamarckism
B. Mutation theory
C. Natural selection
D. Genetic drift

✅ Answer: C

12. Connecting link between reptiles and birds is

A. Archaeopteryx
B. Crocodile
C. Lizard
D. Turtle

✅ Answer: A

13. Homologous organs indicate

A. Convergent evolution
B. Common ancestry
C. Analogous nature
D. Mutation

✅ Answer: B

14. Analogous organs indicate

A. Divergent evolution
B. Common origin
C. Convergent evolution
D. Fossil evidence

✅ Answer: C

15. Wings of bat and wings of butterfly are

A. Homologous
B. Analogous
C. Vestigial
D. None

✅ Answer: B

16. Forelimbs of whale and human are

A. Analogous
B. Homologous
C. Vestigial
D. None

✅ Answer: B

17. Vestigial organ in humans is

A. Heart
B. Appendix
C. Liver
D. Kidney

✅ Answer: B

18. Fossils provide evidence for

A. Cell division
B. Evolution
C. Respiration
D. Digestion

✅ Answer: B

19. Study of fossils is called

A. Taxonomy
B. Palaeontology
C. Ecology
D. Embryology

✅ Answer: B

20. The age of fossils is determined by

A. PCR
B. Carbon dating
C. Hybridisation
D. Cloning

✅ Answer: B

21. Mutation theory was proposed by

A. Darwin
B. De Vries
C. Lamarck
D. Mendel

✅ Answer: B

22. Genetic drift is also known as

A. Adaptive radiation
B. Sewall Wright effect
C. Hardy Weinberg law
D. Mutation pressure

✅ Answer: B

23. Example of genetic drift is

A. Industrial melanism
B. Founder effect
C. Fossil record
D. Natural selection

✅ Answer: B

24. Founder effect occurs due to

A. Small population
B. Large gene pool
C. Fossils
D. Mutation

✅ Answer: A

25. Hardy-Weinberg principle relates to

A. Gene frequency
B. Mutation only
C. Fossils
D. Embryology

✅ Answer: A

26. Gene frequency remains constant when

A. No evolution occurs
B. Mutation is high
C. Migration occurs
D. Selection occurs

✅ Answer: A

27. Adaptive radiation is evolution of

A. One species into many forms
B. Many species into one
C. Fossils only
D. Analogous organs

✅ Answer: A

28. Darwin’s finches show

A. Mutation
B. Adaptive radiation
C. Genetic drift
D. Vestigial organs

✅ Answer: B

29. Human evolution started in

A. Europe
B. Africa
C. America
D. Australia

✅ Answer: B

30. Modern humans are called

A. Homo erectus
B. Homo habilis
C. Homo sapiens sapiens
D. Australopithecus

✅ Answer: C

31. Neanderthal man belongs to

A. Homo sapiens
B. Homo erectus
C. Homo neanderthalensis
D. Australopithecus

✅ Answer: C

32. First tool maker was

A. Homo erectus
B. Homo habilis
C. Homo sapiens
D. Australopithecus

✅ Answer: B

33. Missing link between ape and man is

A. Cro-Magnon
B. Archaeopteryx
C. Australopithecus
D. Gorilla

✅ Answer: C

34. Evolution of giraffe neck is explained by

A. Darwin
B. Lamarck
C. De Vries
D. Wright

✅ Answer: B

35. Main source of variation is

A. Mutation
B. Digestion
C. Excretion
D. Transport

✅ Answer: A

36. Reproductive isolation leads to

A. Speciation
B. Fossils
C. Respiration
D. Adaptation loss

✅ Answer: A

37. Speciation means

A. Formation of new species
B. Formation of organs
C. Formation of cells
D. Formation of DNA

✅ Answer: A

38. Evolution occurs at level of

A. Individual
B. Population
C. Organ
D. Tissue

✅ Answer: B

39. Convergent evolution results in

A. Homologous organs
B. Analogous organs
C. Vestigial organs
D. Fossils

✅ Answer: B

40. Divergent evolution results in

A. Analogous organs
B. Homologous organs
C. Mutation only
D. Genetic drift only

✅ Answer: B