Tuesday, 10 February 2026

Reason to choose Botany as Career after HS

A Seed of Passion: How Botany Can Change Your Life

Dr. E. K. Janaki Ammal — The Indian Botanist Who Reached the World Stage

Many years ago, in a small town in Kerala, a young girl named Janaki Ammal developed a deep love for plants. At a time when very few Indian women pursued higher education in science, she chose Botany as her subject and followed her passion with courage.

She studied plant science and became one of the first Indian women botanists to earn a doctoral degree abroad. Through her research in plant cytology and plant breeding, she made remarkable contributions to improving sugarcane and other crops in India. She later worked at the prestigious Royal Horticultural Society in London and played a major role in developing India’s botanical research after independence.

Her journey teaches us that:

  • A simple interest in plants can lead to global recognition.
  • Botany can open doors to research, conservation, and innovation.
  • Determination and love for nature can make you a pioneer.

Today, she is remembered as one of India’s greatest botanists — proving that Botany is not just a subject, but a powerful career path.


Wangari Maathai — From Botany Student to Nobel Laureate

Another inspiring story is that of Wangari Maathai from Kenya. She studied Biological Sciences and Botany, driven by her love for trees and environment. She later started the Green Belt Movement, encouraging people to plant trees to protect nature and support livelihoods.

Her work connected plants, environment, and human well-being. For her extraordinary contribution, she received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 — becoming the first African woman to win this honour.

Her story reminds students that:

  • Studying Botany can help you protect the Earth.
  • Plant science can bring social change and global recognition.
  • One botanist can transform the environment of an entire nation.

A Recent Inspiration: Dr. Aditi Mukherji — Modern Environmental Scientist

In recent times, Dr. Aditi Mukherji, an Indian scientist working in environmental and agricultural science, has brought global recognition to plant and environmental research. With a strong academic foundation in ecology and plant–environment interactions, she has worked on sustainable agriculture, water management, and climate change.

She was part of the IPCC team awarded the Nobel Peace Prize and received the prestigious Norman Borlaug Award (2023) for her contribution to agriculture and environment.

Her journey shows today’s students that:

  • Botany and environmental science are among the most important careers of the future.
  • Plant science helps solve climate change and food security challenges.
  • Young botanists can achieve international recognition even today.

đŸŒŋ Message to HS Students Choosing Botany

Dear students,
As you step into higher education after HS, remember that Botany is the science of life, nature, and future sustainability. From forests to agriculture, from climate change to medicines — plants are at the centre of our survival.

If you choose Botany:

  • You can become a scientist, professor, researcher, or environmentalist.
  • You can work in forest services, biodiversity conservation, agriculture, or climate science.
  • You can contribute to protecting our planet and humanity.

Every great botanist once sat in a classroom like you.
Your journey may begin with a simple leaf, but it can lead to global achievements.

Let your curiosity grow like a seed.
Let your dreams bloom like flowers.
Choose Botany — and grow with nature.
🌱

Friday, 6 February 2026

Shifting Global Politics and the Uncertain Future of Sustainable Development

The socio-political landscape of the world is undergoing rapid and often unpredictable transformation. Major global powers, once seen as stabilizing forces for peace and development, are increasingly engaged in policies and practices that raise serious concerns about sustainability, equity, and long-term global prosperity. In this evolving context, questions surrounding the stability of the world economy and the possibility of holistic development have become more relevant than ever.

Over the past few decades, globalization created an interconnected world where economic growth, technological progress, and international cooperation were expected to bring collective prosperity. However, recent geopolitical tensions, economic rivalries, trade wars, and regional conflicts have exposed the fragile nature of this interconnected system. Many powerful nations, in their pursuit of strategic dominance and short-term economic advantage, often prioritize national interest over global well-being. This approach, while politically convenient, can undermine the principles of sustainable peace and inclusive development.

One of the major challenges today is the growing trend of unsustainable economic and political practices. Heavy dependence on fossil fuels, large-scale industrial expansion without adequate environmental safeguards, and unequal distribution of resources continue to widen the gap between developed and developing nations. While international platforms frequently discuss climate change, poverty eradication, and sustainable growth, implementation often remains inconsistent. The gap between global commitments and real-world actions creates uncertainty about the future of the world economy and environmental stability.

Furthermore, the increasing polarization among major world powers has weakened multilateral cooperation. Institutions that once played a crucial role in maintaining global balance are now often influenced by strategic interests rather than collective human welfare. As a result, international decisions related to trade, climate policy, technological access, and public health sometimes fail to address the needs of smaller and vulnerable nations. This imbalance affects global economic stability and delays progress toward holistic development.

Holistic development is not merely about economic growth; it includes social justice, environmental sustainability, cultural harmony, and equitable access to opportunities. When global policies focus primarily on economic competition and geopolitical dominance, these broader dimensions of development are often neglected. The consequences can be seen in rising economic inequality, environmental degradation, migration crises, and social unrest across various parts of the world.

However, despite these challenges, it would be overly pessimistic to assume that the future is entirely uncertain. The global community still possesses the knowledge, technology, and institutional frameworks necessary to move toward sustainable development. What is required is stronger political will, transparent governance, and a renewed commitment to international cooperation. Major countries must recognize that long-term global stability and prosperity cannot be achieved through unilateral actions or unsustainable practices.


Civil society, academic institutions, youth movements, and responsible media also have a significant role to play. By promoting awareness, encouraging dialogue, and advocating for sustainable policies, they can influence decision-makers and foster a more balanced approach to development. Regional cooperation, investment in green technology, and inclusive economic policies can help restore confidence in the global system.

In conclusion, the concern that current global socio-political trends may lead to uncertainty in economic prosperity and holistic development is not without merit. The actions of major countries and international institutions will significantly determine the direction of the world in the coming decades. If sustainability, cooperation, and human welfare are prioritized over short-term gains and power politics, a stable and prosperous future remains possible. Otherwise, the world may continue to face growing uncertainty in its journey toward peace and development.

Photosynthetic pigments and function

Photosynthetic Pigments

Photosynthetic pigments are light-absorbing molecules present in plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria that capture solar energy and convert it into chemical energy during photosynthesis. These pigments are mainly located in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and play a crucial role in absorbing light of different wavelengths.

They absorb light energy and transfer it to the reaction center where it is used for the synthesis of ATP and NADPH, ultimately leading to carbohydrate formation.

Functions of Photosynthetic Pigments in Photosynthesis

Photosynthetic pigments contribute to photosynthesis in the following ways:

1. Absorption of Light Energy

Pigments absorb light from the visible spectrum (400–700 nm), known as photosynthetically active radiation (PAR).

  • Different pigments absorb different wavelengths.
  • This broadens the range of light that plants can use.

2. Energy Transfer

Accessory pigments capture light energy and transfer it to chlorophyll a, the primary pigment in the reaction centre of photosystems.
This process occurs through resonance energy transfer.

3. Initiation of Photochemical Reactions

Chlorophyll a in the reaction centre converts light energy into chemical energy by exciting electrons.
These high-energy electrons enter the electron transport chain, leading to formation of ATP and NADPH.

4. Protection Against Photooxidation

Carotenoids protect chlorophyll from damage caused by excess light and reactive oxygen species by dissipating excess energy.

Classification of Photosynthetic Pigments

Photosynthetic pigments are mainly classified into three major groups:

1. Chlorophylls

These are the most important photosynthetic pigments.

Types:

  • Chlorophyll a – Primary pigment present in all photosynthetic organisms; directly involved in light reactions.
  • Chlorophyll b – Accessory pigment in higher plants and green algae; transfers energy to chlorophyll a.
  • Chlorophyll c, d, e – Found in certain algae.

Functions:

  • Absorb mainly blue and red light
  • Participate directly in photochemical reactions

2. Carotenoids

These are accessory pigments and include:

(a) Carotenes

  • Orange pigments (e.g., β-carotene)

(b) Xanthophylls

  • Yellow pigments (e.g., lutein, zeaxanthin)

Functions:

  • Absorb blue and violet light
  • Transfer energy to chlorophyll a
  • Protect chlorophyll from photooxidation

3. Phycobilins

Water-soluble pigments found in cyanobacteria and red algae.

Types:

  • Phycocyanin (blue)
  • Phycoerythrin (red)

Functions:

  • Absorb light in wavelengths not absorbed by chlorophyll
  • Transfer energy to chlorophyll a

          Photosynthetic pigments are essential for capturing and utilizing solar energy in photosynthesis. Chlorophyll a acts as the primary pigment, while accessory pigments like chlorophyll b, carotenoids, and phycobilins expand the absorption spectrum and protect the photosynthetic apparatus. Together, they ensure efficient conversion of light energy into chemical energy, sustaining life on Earth.

MCQs on Photosynthesis

1. The primary pigment involved in photosynthesis is:

A. Chlorophyll b
B. Chlorophyll a
C. Carotene
D. Xanthophyll
Answer: B. Chlorophyll a

2. Photosynthesis occurs in which organelle of plant cells?
A. Mitochondria
B. Ribosome
C. Chloroplast
D. Nucleus
Answer: C. Chloroplast

3. The light reaction of photosynthesis takes place in the:
A. Stroma
B. Thylakoid membrane
C. Cytoplasm
D. Nucleus
Answer: B. Thylakoid membrane

4. The Calvin cycle occurs in the:
A. Thylakoid membrane
B. Grana
C. Stroma
D. Cytosol
Answer: C. Stroma

5. The main function of light reaction is to produce:
A. Glucose and oxygen
B. ATP and NADPH
C. CO₂ and water
D. Only oxygen
Answer: B. ATP and NADPH

6. Photolysis of water occurs in:
A. Photosystem I
B. Photosystem II
C. Calvin cycle
D. Stroma
Answer: B. Photosystem II

7. The enzyme responsible for carbon fixation in C₃ plants is:
A. PEP carboxylase
B. RuBisCO
C. ATP synthase
D. Catalase
Answer: B. RuBisCO

8. The first stable product of Calvin cycle is:
A. Glucose
B. 3-phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA)
C. RuBP
D. Pyruvate
Answer: B. 3-phosphoglyceric acid

9. Which gas is released during photosynthesis?
A. CO₂
B. O₂
C. N₂
D. CH₄
Answer: B. O₂

10. C₄ plants are characterized by the presence of:
A. Only mesophyll cells
B. Kranz anatomy
C. No chloroplast
D. Only bundle sheath cells
Answer: B. Kranz anatomy

11. In photosynthesis, water acts as:
A. Electron donor
B. Electron acceptor
C. Catalyst
D. Product
Answer: A. Electron donor

12. Which wavelength of light is most effective in photosynthesis?
A. Green
B. Yellow
C. Blue and red
D. Infrared
Answer: C. Blue and red

13. The term “photorespiration” refers to:
A. Oxygen evolution
B. CO₂ fixation
C. Uptake of O₂ and release of CO₂ in light
D. ATP synthesis
Answer: C. Uptake of O₂ and release of CO₂ in light

14. The pigment that absorbs light energy and transfers it to chlorophyll a is:
A. Accessory pigment
B. Primary pigment
C. Enzyme
D. Protein
Answer: A. Accessory pigment

15. The ultimate source of oxygen released in photosynthesis is:
A. CO₂
B. Glucose
C. Water
D. Chlorophyll
Answer: C. Water

16. The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy is called:
A. Respiration
B. Transpiration
C. Photosynthesis
D. Fermentation
Answer: C. Photosynthesis

17. Which molecule is regenerated in the Calvin cycle?
A. Glucose
B. RuBP
C. NADPH
D. ATP
Answer: B. RuBP

18. C₄ pathway was first discovered by:
A. Calvin
B. Hatch and Slack
C. Blackman
D. Priestley
Answer: B. Hatch and Slack

19. CAM plants open their stomata during:
A. Day
B. Night
C. Both day and night
D. Afternoon only
Answer: B. Night

20. The Z-scheme in photosynthesis represents:
A. Calvin cycle
B. Electron transport pathway
C. Glycolysis
D. Krebs cycle
Answer: B. Electron transport pathway

Monday, 2 February 2026

āφāĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻĻিā§ąāϏ āφ⧰ু āϜāύ āϏāϚেāϤāύāϤা

āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻĻিā§ąāϏ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ŧ: āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āĻ­ঁā§°াāϞ ā§°āĻ•্āώাā§° āĻāĻ• āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒী āφāĻš্āĻŦাāύ

āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤিā§° āϏāĻ•āϞো āωāĻĒāĻšাā§°ā§° āĻ­িāϤ⧰āϤ āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻŦা Wetlands āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻāĻ• āĻ…āϤি āĻŽূāϞ্āϝāĻŦাāύ, āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϤুāϞāύাāĻŽূāϞāĻ•āĻ­াā§ąে āĻ…āĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝāĻ­াā§ąে āωāĻĒেāĻ•্āώিāϤ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ। āϜāϞাāĻļāϝ়, āĻŦিāϞ, āĻš্ā§°āĻĻ, āĻĒিāϤāύি, āĻĒāĻĨাā§° āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞ āφāĻĻি āĻāĻ•েāϞāĻ—ে āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽিā§° āĻ…āύ্āϤ⧰্āĻ—āϤ। āĻāχ āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞāϏāĻŽূāĻšে āϜāϞāϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āϏংā§°āĻ•্āώāĻŖ, āϜীā§ąāĻŦৈāϚিāϤ্ā§°্āϝ ā§°āĻ•্āώা āφ⧰ু āϜāϞāĻŦা⧟ু āĻĒā§°িā§ąāϰ্āϤāύ⧰ āĻŦিā§°ুāĻĻ্āϧে āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āĻĸাāϞ āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰ে। āĻāχ āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻĻৃāώ্āϟি āφāϕ⧰্āώāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻŦāϛ⧰ে ⧍ āĻĢেāĻŦ্ā§°ুā§ąাā§°ী āϤাā§°িāĻ–ে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻĻিā§ąāϏ āĻĒাāϞāύ āϕ⧰া āĻšā§Ÿ।

⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ŧ āϚāύ⧰ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻĻিā§ąāϏো āĻāĻ• āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āωāĻĒāϞāĻ•্āώ, āϝ’āϤ āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি ā§°āĻ•্āώাā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻĒুāύ⧰ āĻāĻ• āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒী āφāϞোāϚāύা āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āĻšৈāĻ›ে।

āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻĻিā§ąāϏ⧰ āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒāϤ্āϤি āφ⧰ু āϐāϤিāĻšাāϏিāĻ• āĻĒāϟāĻ­ূāĻŽি

āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻĻিā§ąāϏ āĻĒাāϞāύ āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āĻšā§Ÿ Ramsar Convention āĻ…āύুāϏ⧰ি। ⧧⧝⧭⧧ āϚāύ⧰ ⧍ āĻĢেāĻŦ্ā§°ুā§ąাā§°ী āϤাā§°িāĻ–ে āχ⧰াāĻŖā§° ā§°াāĻŽāĻ›াā§° āύāĻ—ā§°āϤ “Wetlands of International Importance” āϚুāĻ•্āϤি āϏ্āĻŦাāĻ•্āώ⧰িāϤ āĻšৈāĻ›িāϞ। āĻāχ āϚুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āĻŽূāϞ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āφāĻ›িāϞ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽিāϏāĻŽূāĻš āϏংā§°āĻ•্āώāĻŖ āφ⧰ু āϏāĻ িāĻ• āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύা āύিāĻļ্āϚিāϤ āϕ⧰া।

āĻāχ āĻĻিāύāϟো ⧧⧝⧝⧭ āϚāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āφāύুāώ্āĻ াāύিāĻ•āĻ­াā§ąে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāϜুā§°ি “World Wetlands Day” āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āωāĻĻāϝাāĻĒāύ āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›ে।

āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽিā§° āĻŦৈāϜ্āĻžাāύিāĻ• āφ⧰ু āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ

ā§§. āϜāϞāϚāĻ•্āϰ āφ⧰ু āĻĒাāύীā§° āĻ­ঁā§°াāϞ

āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āĻĒাāύীā§° āĻ­ঁā§°াāϞ। āĻŦā§°āώুāĻŖā§° āĻĒাāύী āϜāĻŽা āϕ⧰ি āχ āĻ­ূāĻ—ā§°্āĻ­āϏ্āĻĨ āϜāϞāϏ্āϤ⧰ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āϕ⧰ে। āĻ–ā§°াং āĻŦা āĻĒাāύীā§° āĻ…āĻ­াā§ąā§° āϏāĻŽā§ŸāϤ āĻāχ āϜāϞাāĻļ⧟āϏāĻŽূāĻšে āĻĒাāύী āϝোāĻ—াāύ āϧ⧰ে।

⧍. āϜীā§ąāĻŦৈāϚিāϤ্ā§°্āϝ⧰ āφāĻļ্⧰⧟āϏ্āĻĨāϞ

āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻŦāĻšু āĻĒā§°িāĻ­্ā§°āĻŽী āϚ⧰াāχ, āĻŽাāĻ›, āωāĻ­āϚ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻŖী āφ⧰ু āϜāϞāϜ āωāĻĻ্āĻ­িāĻĻ āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽিā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­ā§°āĻļীāϞ। UNESCO āφ⧰ু IUCN-ā§° āĻ—ā§ąেāώāĻŖাāĻŽāϤে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻĒ্ā§°া⧟ ā§Ēā§Ļ% āĻĒ্ā§°āϜাāϤি āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝāĻ•্āώ āĻŦা āĻĒā§°োāĻ•্āώāĻ­াā§ąে āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽিā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­ā§° āϕ⧰ে।

ā§Š. āĻ•াā§°্āĻŦāύ āĻļোāώāĻŖ āφ⧰ু āϜāϞāĻŦা⧟ু āύি⧟āύ্āϤ্ā§°āĻŖ

āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻ•ৈ āĻĒীāϟāϞেāĻŖ্āĻĄāϏāĻŽূāĻšে āĻŦৃāĻšā§Ž āĻĒā§°িāĻŽাāĻŖā§° āĻ•াā§°্āĻŦāύ āϏংā§°āĻ•্āώāĻŖ āϕ⧰ে। āχ āϜāϞāĻŦা⧟ু āĻĒā§°িā§ąāϰ্āϤāύ āĻš্ā§°াāϏ⧰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•া āĻĒাāϞāύ āϕ⧰ে।

ā§Ē. āĻŦাāύ āύি⧟āύ্āϤ্ā§°āĻŖ āφ⧰ু āωāĻĒāĻ•ূāϞী⧟ āϏুā§°āĻ•্āώা

āĻŦাāύāĻĒীāĻĄ়িāϤ āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻŽেংāĻ—্ā§°োāĻ­ āĻŦāύাāĻž্āϚāϞ āĻŦাāύ⧰ āϏāĻŽā§ŸāϤ āĻĒাāύীā§° āϚাāĻĒ āĻ•āĻŽাāχ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āĻĸাāϞ āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻ•াāĻŽ āϕ⧰ে।

āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒী āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āϏংāĻ•āϟ: āϭ⧟ংāϕ⧰ āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ąāϤা

āĻ—ā§ąেāώāĻŖা āĻ…āύুāϏ⧰ি āϝোā§ąা ā§§ā§Ļā§Ļ āĻŦāϛ⧰āϤ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻĒ্ā§°া⧟ ā§Šā§Ģ% āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āĻšৈāĻ›ে। āχ āĻ…āύ্āϝ āϝিāĻ•োāύো āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āĻŦিāĻĒā§°্āϝāϝ়āϤāĻ•ৈ āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āĻĻ্ā§°ুāϤ āĻšাā§°āϤ āĻ•্āώ⧟ āĻš'āĻŦāϞৈ āϧ⧰িāĻ›ে।

āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ⧰ āĻŽূāϞ āĻ•াā§°āĻŖāϏāĻŽূāĻš:

  • āύāĻ—ā§°ীāϕ⧰āĻŖ āφ⧰ু āωāĻĻ্āϝোāĻ—ীāϕ⧰āĻŖ
  • āφ⧰্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻĒুāϤি āĻŦāϏāϤি āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ
  • āĻĒ্āϞাāώ্āϟিāĻ• āφ⧰ু ā§°াāϏা⧟āύিāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻূāώāĻŖ
  • āĻ…āĻŦৈāϧ āĻŽাāĻ›āϧ⧰া āφ⧰ু āĻŦāύ āύিāϧāύ
  • āϜāϞāĻŦা⧟ু āĻĒā§°িā§ąāϰ্āϤāύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ­াā§ą

āĻāχ āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ⧰ āĻĢāϞāϏ্āĻŦā§°ূāĻĒে āĻĒাāύীā§° āϏংāĻ•āϟ, āĻŦাāύ-āĻŦিāĻĒā§°্āϝ⧟ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āφ⧰ু āϜীā§ąāĻŦৈāϚিāϤ্ā§°্āϝ āĻš্ā§°াāϏ āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে।

āĻ­াā§°āϤ āφ⧰ু āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি: āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ąāύা āφ⧰ু āϚেāϞেāĻž্āϜ

āĻ­াā§°āϤ⧰ āĻŦāĻšু āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি Ramsar Site āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āϏ্āĻŦীāĻ•ৃāϤ। āĻ…āϏāĻŽāϤ āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻ•ৈ—

  • āĻĻ্āĻŦিāĻĒā§° āĻŦিāϞ (Guwahati)
  • āĻŽাāϜুāϞীā§° āϜāϞāĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞāϏāĻŽূāĻš
  • āĻĒāĻŦিāϤ⧰া āφ⧰ু āĻ•াāϜিā§°āĻ™াā§° āĻŦāύ্āϝāĻĒ্ā§°াāĻŖী āϜāϞāĻ­ূāĻŽি

āφāĻĻি āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞāϏāĻŽূāĻšে āĻĒā§°িāĻ­্ā§°āĻŽী āϚ⧰াāχ āφ⧰ু āϜৈā§ą āĻŦৈāϚিāϤ্ā§°্āϝ⧰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻ…āĻĒā§°িāϏীāĻŽ āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•া āĻĒাāϞāύ āϕ⧰ে।

āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻĻুঃāĻ–āϜāύāĻ•āĻ­াā§ąে āĻ…āϏāĻŽāϤ āĻŦāĻšু āĻŦিāϞ āφ⧰ু āφāĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻ…āĻŦৈāϧ āĻĻāĻ–āϞ, āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻূāώāĻŖ āφ⧰ু āωāύ্āύ⧟āύāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āĻ•াāĻŽā§° āϚাāĻĒāϤ āϏংāĻ•āϟāϤ āĻĒā§°িāĻ›ে।

Wetlands Day ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ŧā§° āĻŦাā§°্āϤা āφ⧰ু āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ

āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻĻিā§ąāϏ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ŧā§° āĻŽূāϞ āωāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āĻšৈāĻ›ে—

  • āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽিā§° āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ āϜāύāϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϚাā§° āϕ⧰া 
  • āϧ্āĻŦংāϏāĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĒ্āϤ āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻĒুāύ⧰ুāĻĻ্āϧাā§° āϕ⧰া 
  • āύীāϤি-āύি⧟āĻŽ āĻ•āĻ োā§°āĻ­াā§ąে ā§°ূāĻĒা⧟āĻŖ
  • āϏ্āĻĨাāύী⧟ āϏāĻŽাāϜāĻ• āϏংā§°āĻ•্āώāĻŖā§° āĻ…ংāĻļীāĻĻাā§° āϕ⧰া

āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāϜুā§°ি āĻāχ āĻĻিā§ąāϏে āĻāĻ• āφāĻš্āĻŦাāύ āϜāύাāχāĻ›ে—
“Wetlands are not wastelands, they are lifelands.”

āϏংā§°āĻ•্āώāĻŖā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻĒ্ā§°āϏ্āϤাā§ą

āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āϏংā§°āĻ•্āώāĻŖā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āϤāϞ⧰ āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•্āώেāĻĒāϏāĻŽূāĻš āĻ…āϤি āĻĒ্āϰ⧟োāϜāύী⧟—

  1. āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞāϤ āĻ…āĻŦৈāϧ āĻĻāĻ–āϞ āĻŦāύ্āϧ āϕ⧰া
  2. āĻĒ্āϞাāώ্āϟিāĻ• āφ⧰ু āĻŦিāώাāĻ•্āϤ āĻŦāϰ্āϜāύীāϝ় āĻĒāĻĻাā§°্āĻĨ āύিāĻ•্āώেāĻĒ āύিāώিāĻĻ্āϧ āϕ⧰া
  3. āϏ্āĻĨাāύী⧟ āϜāύāĻ—āĻŖāĻ• āϏāϚেāϤāύ āφ⧰ু āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒৃāĻ•্āϤ āϕ⧰া
  4. Ramsar Site āϏংāĻ–্āϝা āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āφ⧰ু āϏুā§°āĻ•্āώা āφāχāύ āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āϕ⧰া
  5. āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύāĻ­িāϤ্āϤিāĻ• āĻ—ā§ąেāώāĻŖা āφ⧰ু āύি⧟āĻŽিāϤ āĻŽāύিāϟ⧰িং āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨা āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰া

āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āĻĻিā§ąāϏ ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ŧ āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻāϟা āωāĻĻāϝাāĻĒāύ āύāĻšā§Ÿ; āχ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤিā§° āĻāĻ• āϏংāĻ•āϟাāĻĒāύ্āύ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āϏংā§°āĻ•্āώāĻŖā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦাāϏীā§° āĻāĻ• āϏংāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒ। āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āĻš’āϞে āĻĒাāύী, āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻŖী, āĻĒā§°িāĻ­্ā§°āĻŽী āϚ⧰াāχ, āĻ•ৃāώি āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āϜীā§ąāύ āĻāĻ• āĻŦৃāĻšā§Ž āϏংāĻ•āϟāϤ āĻĒā§°িāĻŦ।

āϏে⧟েāĻšে, āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি āϏংā§°āĻ•্āώāĻŖ āĻŽাāύে āϜীā§ąāύ āϏংā§°āĻ•্āώāĻŖ।
āφāĻšāĻ•, Wetlands Day ⧍ā§Ļ⧍ā§Ŧ āωāĻĒāϞāĻ•্āώে āφāĻŽি āĻļāĻĒāĻĨ āϞāĻ“ঁ—
“āφāϰ্āĻĻ্ā§°āĻ­ূāĻŽি ā§°āĻ•্āώা āϕ⧰িāĻŽ, āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤি ā§°āĻ•্āώা āϕ⧰িāĻŽ, āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž ā§°āĻ•্āώা āϕ⧰িāĻŽ।

āĻĢেāϚāĻŦুāĻ• ā§°িāϞ āφ⧰ু āωāĻĒাā§°্āϜāύ

āφāϜি āĻĄিāϜিāϟেāϞ āϝুāĻ—āϤ āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽ āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āϝোāĻ—াāϝোāĻ—ā§° āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽ āύāĻšāϝ়, āχ āĻāĻ–āύ āĻŦৃāĻšā§Ž āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϞৈ āĻĒā§°িāĻŖāϤ āĻšৈāĻ›ে। āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻ•ৈ āĻĢেāϚāĻŦুāĻ• ā§°িāϞ (Facebook Reels) āĻāϤিāϝ়া āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻŦিāύোāĻĻāύ⧰ āĻŦিāώāϝ় āύāĻšāϝ়, āĻŦāĻšুāϜāύ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āχ āφāϝ়ā§° āĻāĻ• āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏ āĻšৈ āωāĻ িāĻ›ে। āĻ•’āϤিāϝ়া āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āϚাāϕ⧰ি āĻŦা āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏাāϝ়েāχ āωāĻĒাā§°্āϜāύ⧰ āĻĒāĻĨ āφāĻ›িāϞ, āφāϜি ā§°িāϞ āĻŦāύাāχ āϞাāĻ–-āϕ⧰োāĻĄ় āϟāĻ•া āωāĻĒাā§°্āϜāύ āϕ⧰া āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻŦেāĻ›ি āĻĻেāĻ–া āϝাāϝ়।

āĻĢেāϚāĻŦুāĻ• ā§°িāϞ⧰ āωāĻĒাā§°্āϜāύ⧰ āϏুāϝোāĻ—

āĻĢেāϚāĻŦুāϕ⧰ ā§°িāϞ āĻ›’āϟ āĻ­িāĻĄিāĻ…’ā§° āϜ⧰িāϝ়āϤে āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়েāϟ⧰āϏāĻ•āϞে āϜāύāϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖāĻ• āφāĻ•āϰ্āώāĻŖ āϕ⧰ি āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāĻĒāύ, āϏ্āĻĒ’āύ্āϏ⧰āĻļিāĻĒ, āĻŦ্ā§°েāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻŽোāϚāύ āφ⧰ু āĻĢেāϚāĻŦুāĻ• āĻŦোāύাāĻ› āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽā§° āϜ⧰িāϝ়āϤে āφāϝ় āϕ⧰ে। Meta (āĻĢেāϚāĻŦুāϕ⧰ āĻŽাāϞিāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāώ্āĻ াāύ) āĻŦāĻšু āĻĻেāĻļāϤ āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়েāϟ⧰āϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻŽāύিāϟাāχāϜেāϚāύ āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে। āĻĢāϞāϏ্āĻŦā§°ূāĻĒে āĻŦāĻšুāϜāύেāχ āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽāĻ• āĻĒেāĻļা āĻšিāϚাāĻĒে āĻ—্ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে।

āϏ⧰্āĻŦাāϧিāĻ• āωāĻĒাā§°্āϜāύ āϕ⧰া āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়েāϟ⧰āϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖ

ā§§. āĻ–াāĻŦাāύে āϞাāĻŽে (Khaby Lame)

āĻ–াāĻŦাāύে āϞাāĻŽে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻ…āύ্āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ ā§°িāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻ›’āϟ āĻ­িāĻĄিāĻ…’ āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়েāϟ⧰। āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏāĻšāϜ āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻšাāϏ্āϝ⧰āϏাāϤ্āĻŽāĻ• āĻ­িāĻĄিāĻ…’ āĻŦāύাāχ āĻ•োāϟি āĻ•োāϟি āĻĢ’āϞ’ā§ąাā§° āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে। Facebook Reels āφ⧰ু Instagram ā§° āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽেā§°ে āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŦāϛ⧰āϤ āĻŽিāϞিāϝ়āύ āĻĄāϞাā§° āĻĒā§°্āϝāύ্āϤ āωāĻĒাā§°্āϜāύ āϕ⧰ে āĻŦুāϞি āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻŦেāĻĻāύāϤ āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ– āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›ে।

⧍. āĻŽিঃ āĻŦিāϏ্āϟ (MrBeast)

āĻŽিঃ āĻŦিāϏ্āϟ āĻŽূāϞāϤ YouTube āϤ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻš’āϞেāĻ“ Facebook Reels āφ⧰ু Shorts āĻĒ্āϞেāϟāĻĢā§°্āĻŽāϤো āϤেāĻ“ঁ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒāĻ• āϜāύāĻĒ্ā§°িāϝ়। āϤেāĻ“ঁ āϏ্āĻĒ’āύ্āϏ⧰āĻļিāĻĒ, āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāĻĒāύ āφ⧰ু āĻ•āĻŖ্āϟেāĻŖ্āϟ āĻŽাā§°্āĻ•েāϟিāϙ⧰ āϜ⧰িāϝ়āϤে āĻŦিāĻĒুāϞ āφāϝ় āϕ⧰ে।

ā§Š. āĻ­াā§°āϤীāϝ় āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়েāϟ⧰āϏāĻ•āϞ

āĻ­াā§°āϤāϤো āĻŦāĻšু āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়েāϟ⧰ে Facebook Reelsā§° āĻĒā§°া āϞাāĻ– āϞাāĻ– āϟāĻ•া āωāĻĒাā§°্āϜāύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে। āωāĻĻাāĻšā§°āĻŖāϏ্āĻŦā§°ূāĻĒে, āĻšাāϏ্āϝ⧰āϏ, ā§°āύ্āϧāύ-āĻŦাāύ্āϧāύ, āύৃāϤ্āϝ, āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āĻŦিāώāϝ়āĻ• āĻ•āĻŖ্āϟেāĻŖ্āϟ āĻŦāύোā§ąা āĻŦāĻšুāϜāύ āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়েāϟ⧰ে Meta āĻŦোāύাāĻ› āφ⧰ু āĻŦ্ā§°েāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻĄীāϞ⧰ āϜ⧰িāϝ়āϤে āφāϝ় āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে।

ā§°িāϞ āĻŦāύাāχ āωāĻĒাā§°্āϜāύ⧰ āχāϤিāĻŦাāϚāĻ• āĻĻিāĻļ

ā§§. āϏ্āĻŦāύিāϝুāĻ•্āϤিā§° āϏুāϝোāĻ— āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি
ā§°িāϞ āĻŦāύোā§ąাāϟো āĻāϤিāϝ়া āύāϤুāύ āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āϕ⧰্āĻŽāϏংāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āϏৃāώ্āϟি āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে।

⧍. āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ­া āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•াāĻļā§° āϏুāĻŦিāϧা
āĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽাāĻž্āϚāϞ⧰ āĻŦāĻšু āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ­াāĻļাāϞী āϝুā§ąāĻ•-āϝুā§ąāϤীāĻ“ āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽā§° āϜ⧰িāϝ়āϤে āĻĒā§°িāϚিāϤি āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে।

ā§Š. āĻ•্āώুāĻĻ্ā§° āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏাāϝ়ā§° āωāύ্āύāϤি
āĻŦāĻšু āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏাāϝ়ীāϝ়ে āύিāϜ⧰ āϏাāĻŽāĻ—্ā§°ী āĻŦা āϏেā§ąা ā§°িāϞ⧰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽেā§°ে āĻĒ্ā§°āϚাā§° āϕ⧰ি āϞাāĻ­ā§ąাāύ āĻšৈāĻ›ে।

āύেāϤিāĻŦাāϚāĻ• āĻĻিāĻļ āφ⧰ু āϏাā§ąāϧাāύāϤা

āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ ā§°িāϞ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āωāĻĒাā§°্āϜāύ⧰ āϏুāϝোāĻ— āφāĻ›ে, āϤāĻĨাāĻĒিāĻ“ āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāĻ“ āĻĻেāĻ–া āϝাāϝ়—

  • āĻ…āĻļাāϞীāύ āĻŦা āĻ­ুāϞ āĻ•āĻŖ্āϟেāĻŖ্āϟ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϚāϞāύ
  • āϏāĻšāϜে āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻšোā§ąাā§° āϞোāĻ­āϤ āĻļিāĻ•্āώাā§° āĻĒā§°া āφঁāϤ⧰ি āϝোā§ąা
  • āύāĻ•āϞ āĻŦা āĻŦিāĻ­্ā§°াāύ্āϤিāϕ⧰ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻĒ্ā§°āϚাā§°

āϏেāϝ়েāĻšে āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়েāϟ⧰āϏāĻ•āϞে āĻĻাāϝ়িāϤ্āĻŦāĻļীāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻŖীāϝ় āĻ•āĻŖ্āϟেāĻŖ্āϟ āϤৈāϝ়াā§° āϕ⧰াāϟো āĻ…āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύ।

āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽ āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻ•ৈ Facebook Reels āφāϜি āύāϤুāύ āϝুāĻ—ā§° āωāĻĒাā§°্āϜāύ⧰ āĻāĻ• āĻŦৃāĻšā§Ž āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°। āĻ–াāĻŦাāύে āϞাāĻŽে, āĻŽিঃ āĻŦিāϏ্āϟ⧰ āĻĻā§°ে āĻŦāĻšু āĻ•্ā§°িāϝ়েāϟ⧰ে ā§°িāϞ āĻŦāύাāχ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāϜুā§°ি āϏাāĻĢāϞ্āϝ āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে। āĻ­াā§°āϤ āϤāĻĨা āĻ…āϏāĻŽāϤো āϝুā§ą āϏāĻŽাāϜে āϏāĻ িāĻ• āĻĻিāĻļāϤ āĻ•āĻŖ্āϟেāĻŖ্āϟ āϤৈāϝ়াā§° āϕ⧰ি āφāϝ়ā§° āϏুāϝোāĻ— āϏৃāώ্āϟি āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে।

ā§°িāϞ āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻŦিāύোāĻĻāύ⧰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽ āύāĻšāϝ়, āχ āϝāĻĻি āϏāĻ িāĻ•āĻ­াā§ąে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰া āϝাāϝ় āϤেāύ্āϤে āχ āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āϝāϤ⧰ āĻāĻ• āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āϕ⧰্āĻŽāϏংāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āφ⧰ু āωāĻĒাā§°্āϜāύ⧰ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§° āĻšৈ āωāĻ িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে।

Sunday, 1 February 2026

āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āĻĒāĻĸ়া āĻ…āĻ­্āϝাāϏ: āϏāĻŽাāϜ, āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āφ⧰ু āϜাāϤিā§° āĻ­ā§ąিāώ্āϝāϤ⧰ āĻŽূāĻ–্āϝ āφāĻļাā§° āϏāĻž্āϜীā§ąāύী

āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϏāĻ­্āϝāϤাā§° āχāϤিāĻšাāϏāϞৈ āϚাāϞে āĻĻেāĻ–া āϝাāϝ়—āϝি āϜাāϤি, āϝি āϏāĻŽাāϜে āϜ্āĻžাāύāĻ• āĻŽূāϞ্āϝ āĻĻিāϝ়ে, āĻĒুāĻĨি-āĻĒাāĻ āĻ•āĻ• āϏāύ্āĻŽাāύ āϕ⧰ে, āϏেāχ āϏāĻŽাāϜ āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻ“ āĻĒিāĻ› āĻĒā§°ি āύাāĻĨাāĻ•ে। āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āϚিāύ্āϤাā§° āĻĻীāĻĒ, āĻ…āĻ­িāϜ্āĻžāϤাā§° āĻ­ঁā§°াāϞ āφ⧰ু āωāύ্āύāϤিā§° āĻĒāĻĨāĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻā§°্āĻļāĻ•। āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻ…āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻĻুāĻ–āϜāύāĻ• āĻ•āĻĨা āϝে, āφāϜিā§° āĻĻিāύāϤ āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āĻ…āĻ­্āϝাāϏ āϞাāĻšে āϞাāĻšে āϏāĻŽাāϜ⧰ āĻĒā§°া āĻšেā§°াāχ āϝাāĻŦ āϧ⧰িāĻ›ে।

āφāĻ—āϤে āĻŽাāύুāĻšে āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āωāϞিāϝ়াāχ āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āĻĒāĻĸ়িāĻ›িāϞ, āĻŦাāϤ⧰ি āĻ•াāĻ•āϤ āύিāϝ়āĻŽিāϤāĻ­াā§ąে āĻ…āϧ্āϝ⧟āύ āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। āĻāϟা āĻļিā§°োāύাāĻŽ āĻĒāĻĸ়িāĻ“ āϏāĻŽাāϜ⧰ āĻ…ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨা, āĻĻেāĻļā§° āĻĻিāĻļা, āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীā§° āĻĒā§°িāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻŦুāϜিāĻŦāϞৈ āϚেāώ্āϟা āϕ⧰িāĻ›িāϞ। āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύ āϏāĻŽā§ŸāϤ āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āĻĒāĻĸ়াāϤো āĻĻূā§°ā§° āĻ•āĻĨা, āĻŦাāϤ⧰ি āĻ•াāĻ•āϤ⧰ āĻšেāĻĄāϞাāχāύ āĻ•েāχāϟা āĻĒāĻĸ়া āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āϏংāĻ–্āϝাāĻ“ āĻ•্ā§°āĻŽে āĻ•āĻŽি āĻ—ৈāĻ›ে।

āĻāχ āĻĒā§°িāϏ্āĻĨিāϤি āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻ›াāϤ্ā§°-āĻ›াāϤ্ā§°ী āĻŦা āϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖ āύাāĻ—ā§°িāϕ⧰ āĻŽাāϜāϤেāχ āϏীāĻŽাāĻŦāĻĻ্āϧ āύāĻšāϝ়। āĻŦāĻšু āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻĻেāĻ–া āϝাāϝ়, āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• āϏāĻŽাāϜেāĻ“ āφāĻ—ā§° āĻĻā§°ে āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒāĻ• āĻĒুāĻĨি āĻ…āϧ্āϝ⧟āύ āύāϕ⧰ে āĻŦুāϞি āĻŦāĻšুāϤে āĻ…āĻ­িāϝোāĻ— āϕ⧰ে। āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ•ে āϝāĻĻি āύিāϜেāχ āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āĻ…āĻ­্āϝাāϏ āĻā§°ি āĻĻিāϝ়ে, āϤেāύ্āϤে āĻ›াāϤ্āϰ āϏāĻŽাāϜ⧰ āĻŽাāϜāϤ āϜ্āĻžাāύ āĻ…āύুā§°াāĻ— āĻ•িāĻĻā§°ে āϜাāĻ—িāĻŦ? āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ• āĻšৈāĻ›ে āϏāĻŽাāϜ⧰ āĻĒāĻĨāĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻā§°্āĻļāĻ•। āϤেāĻ“ঁāϞোāϕ⧰ āĻ­িāϤ⧰āϤ āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āĻĒ্ā§°েā§°āĻŖা āĻĨাāĻ•িāϞেāχ āĻļিāĻ•্āώাā§° āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ąিāĻ• ā§°ূāĻĒ āφ⧰ু āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝ āĻĢুāϟি āωāĻ ে।

āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āύāĻšāϝ়

āφāϜিā§° āĻļিāĻ•্āώাā§° āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻāϟা āĻ­āϝ়ংāϕ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻŦāĻŖāϤা āĻ—āĻĸ় āϞৈ āωāĻ িāĻ›ে। āĻŦāĻšু āĻ›াāϤ্ā§°-āĻ›াāϤ্ā§°ীāϝ়ে āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āĻĒাāĻ ্āϝāĻĒুāĻĨি āĻŦা āĻ—্ā§°āύ্āĻĨ āĻ…āϧ্āϝ⧟āύ āύāϕ⧰াāĻ•ৈ āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āϚুāϟি āϚুāϟি āύোāϟ⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­ā§° āϕ⧰ি āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώাāϤ āĻŦāĻšে। āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώাāϤ āĻ­াāϞ āύāĻŽ্āĻŦā§° āĻĒাāϞেāχ āĻļিāĻ•্āώিāϤ āĻšোā§ąা āĻŦুāϞি āĻ­ুāϞ āϧাā§°āĻŖা āĻāϟা āĻ—āĻĸ় āϞৈ āωāĻ িāĻ›ে।

āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āĻŽাāύে āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻļৈāĻ•্āώিāĻ• āĻĻেāĻ“āύা āĻĒাā§° āĻšোā§ąা āύāĻšāϝ়। āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āĻŽাāύে āĻŽাāύুāĻšāĻ• āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ąিāĻ•, āĻĻা⧟িāϤ্āĻŦāĻļীāϞ, āϚিāύ্āϤাāĻļীāϞ, āφ⧰ু āϜ্āĻžাāύী ā§°ূāĻĒে āĻ—āĻĸ়ি āϤোāϞা। āϝāĻĻি āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻĒā§°ীāĻ•্āώাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻĒāĻĸ়া āĻšāϝ়, āϤেāύ্āϤে āĻ­িāϤ⧰⧰ āϜ্āĻžাāύ⧰ āĻ­ঁā§°াāϞ āωāĻĻং āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°ে। āϏāĻŽাāϜ⧰ āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻāχāϟো āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻ“ āĻļুāĻ­ āϞāĻ•্āώāĻŖ āύāĻšāϝ়।

āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āύāĻĒāĻĸ়িāϞে āϜাāϤিā§° āĻ­ā§ąিāώ্āϝāϤ āĻ…āύ্āϧāĻ•াā§°

āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āύāĻĒāĻĸ়া āϏāĻŽাāϜ āĻŽাāύে āϜ্āĻžাāύāĻšীāύ āϏāĻŽাāϜ। āϜ্āĻžাāύāĻšীāύ āϏāĻŽাāϜ āĻŽাāύে āϚিāύ্āϤাāĻšীāύ āϏāĻŽাāϜ। āφ⧰ু āϚিāύ্āϤাāĻšীāύ āϏāĻŽাāϜ āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻ“ āωāύ্āύāϤিā§° āĻĻিāĻļāϤ āφāĻ—āĻŦাāĻĸ়িāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ে।

āĻāϟা āϜাāϤিā§° āωāύ্āύāϤি āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāύৈāϤিāĻ• āωāύ্āύāϤিā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­ā§° āύāϕ⧰ে, āϤাā§° āĻŦৌāĻĻ্āϧিāĻ• āĻļāĻ•্āϤি, āύৈāϤিāĻ•āϤা āφ⧰ু āϏাংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āϏāĻŽৃāĻĻ্āϧিā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­ā§° āϕ⧰ে। āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āĻĒāĻĸ়া āĻ…āĻ­্āϝাāϏে āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āĻŽāύ āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ•āϤা āĻĒā§°িāĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ āϕ⧰ে, āϚিāύ্āϤাāϧাā§°া āĻ—āĻ­ীā§° āϕ⧰ে, āφ⧰ু āϏāĻŽাāϜāĻ• āϏুāϏ্āĻĨ āĻĒāĻĨāϞৈ āφāĻ—ুā§ąাāχ āύিāϝ়ে।

āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽ āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒā§° āĻŦিāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒ āύāĻšāϝ়

āφāϜিā§° āϝুāĻ—āϟো āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽā§° āϝুāĻ—। āĻĢেāϚāĻŦুāĻ•, āχāύāώ্āϟাāĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽ, āχāωāϟিāωāĻŦ āφāĻĻি āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽāϤ āĻŦāĻšু āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āϏāĻšāϜāϤে āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦ্āϧ। āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāχāĻŦোā§° āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াংāĻļāχ āϤ⧰āϞ, āĻ•্āώāĻŖāϏ্āĻĨাāϝ়ী āφ⧰ু āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ়ে āĻŦিāĻ­্ā§°াāύ্āϤিāϕ⧰।

āĻĢেāϚāĻŦুāϕ⧰ āĻĻুāϟা āĻĒāώ্āϟ āĻŦা āĻšোā§ąাāϟāĻ›āĻāĻĒā§° āĻ•েāχāϟাāĻŽাāύ āĻŽেāϚেāϜে āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻ“ āϜীā§ąāύ⧰ āĻ—āĻ­ীā§° āϜ্āĻžাāύ āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ে। āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒে āϝি āϧৈā§°্āϝ, āĻ—āĻ­ীā§°āϤা, āφ⧰ু āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ą āĻ…āĻ­িāϜ্āĻžāϤা āĻĻিāϝ়ে, āϏেāχāϟো āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻ“ āĻĻিāĻŦ āύোā§ąাā§°ে।

āϏংāϏাā§° āϜীā§ąāύāϤ āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύীāϝ়āϤা

āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻ•ৈ āĻ•āĻŽ āĻŦāϝ়āϏāϤে āϏংāϏাā§° āφ⧰āĻŽ্āĻ­ āϕ⧰া āĻĻāĻŽ্āĻĒāϤীāϝ়ে āϝāĻĻি āϜীā§ąāύāϤ āĻĻā§°āĻ•াā§° āĻšোā§ąা āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āĻ…āĻ­্āϝাāϏ āĻŦাāĻĻ āĻĻিāϝ়ে, āϤেāύ্āϤে āĻĻীāϘāϞী⧟া āϜীā§ąāύ āĻ•েāύেāĻ•ৈ āϏুāϚাā§°ুā§°ূāĻĒে āĻ…āϤিāĻŦাāĻšিāϤ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ?

āϏংāϏাā§° āϚāϞোā§ąা āĻŽাāύে āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āωāĻĒাā§°্āϜāύ āϕ⧰া āύāĻšāϝ়। āϏāύ্āϤাāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻĒাāϞāύ, āĻŽূāϞ্āϝāĻŦোāϧ āĻļিāĻ•্āώা, āϏāĻŽাāϜ⧰ āϏৈāϤে āĻ–াāĻĒ āĻ–োā§ąা—āĻāχ āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤে āϜ্āĻžাāύ⧰ āĻĻā§°āĻ•াā§°। āĻāχ āϜ্āĻžাāύ āĻĒুāĻĨিā§° āĻŽাāϜেā§°েāχ āϞাāĻ­ āĻšāϝ়।

āύিāϜ⧰ āϏāύ্āϤাāύāĻ• āϏু-āĻĒā§°াāĻŽā§°্āĻļ āĻĻিāĻŦāϞৈ, āĻ¸ā§Ž āĻĒāĻĨ āĻĻেāĻ–ুā§ąাāĻŦāϞৈ, āĻĒিāϤৃ-āĻŽাāϤৃāϝ়ে āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĨāĻŽে āύিāϜেāχ āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āφāĻĻā§°্āĻļ āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—িāĻŦ। āĻĒুāĻĨি āĻ…āϧ্āϝāϝ়āύ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āϏāύ্āϤাāύāĻ• āωāύ্āύāϤ āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āωāĻĒāĻšাā§° āĻĻিāϝ়াā§° āĻāĻ• āϏ⧰্āĻŦāĻļ্ā§°েāώ্āĻ  āωāĻĒাāϝ়।

āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āĻ…āĻ­্āϝাāϏে āĻ—āĻĸ়ে āϏুāϏ্āĻĨ āϏāĻŽাāϜ

āϝāĻĻি āϏāĻŽাāϜ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϜāύ āύাāĻ—ā§°িāĻ•ে āĻĻিāύে āĻ…āύ্āϤāϤঃ āφāϧাāϘāĻŖ্āϟা āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āĻ…āĻ­্āϝাāϏ āĻ—āĻĸ়ি āϤোāϞে, āϤেāύ্āϤে āϏāĻŽাāϜ⧰ āĻŦৌāĻĻ্āϧিāĻ• āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ āϏāϞāύি āĻšৈ āϝাāĻŦ।

āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āĻĒāĻĸ়িāϞে—

  • āϚিāύ্āϤা āĻļāĻ•্āϤি āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāϝ়
  • āĻ­াāώা āĻĻāĻ•্āώāϤা āωāύ্āύāϤ āĻšāϝ়
  • āĻŽāύ āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ•āϤা āĻļাāύ্āϤ āĻšāϝ়
  • āύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻŽূāϞ্āϝāĻŦোāϧ āϜাāĻ—ে
  • āφāϤ্āĻŽāĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāϝ়
  • āϜীā§ąāύāĻ• āϞৈ āĻ—āĻ­ীā§° āĻĻৃāώ্āϟিāĻ­ংāĻ—ী āĻ—āĻĸ়ি āωāĻ ে

āϏেāϝ়েāĻšে āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āĻĒāĻĸ়া āĻŽাāύে āĻ•েā§ąāϞ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻ—āϤ āωāύ্āύāϤি āύāĻšāϝ়, āχ āĻāϟা āϜাāϤিā§° āϏাāĻŽূāĻšিāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤ⧰āĻŖ।

āφāĻšāĻ•, āĻĒুāύ⧰ āĻĒুāĻĨি‌ āĻĒāĻĸ়াā§° āϏংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤি āĻ—āĻĸ়ি āϤুāϞোঁ

āφāϜিā§° āϝুāĻ—āϤ āφāĻŽাā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύ āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒā§° āĻĒৃāώ্āĻ াāϞৈ āĻĒুāύ⧰ āωāĻ­āϤি āϝোā§ąা। āϘ⧰āϤেāχ āĻšāĻ“āĻ• āĻŦা āϏ্āĻ•ুāϞ-āĻ•āϞেāϜāϤ āĻŦা āϜিāϞাā§° āĻĒুāĻĨিāĻ­ঁā§°াāϞāϤেāχ āĻšāĻ“āĻ• āĻĒুāĻĨিāĻ­ঁā§°াāϞāĻŦোā§°ā§° āĻŽূāϞ্āϝ āĻĒুāύ⧰ āϜāĻ—াāχ āϤুāϞিāĻŦ āϞাāĻ—িāĻŦ।

āĻļিāĻ•্āώāĻ•, āĻ›াāϤ্āϰ, āĻ…āĻ­িāĻ­াā§ąāĻ•, āφ⧰ু āϏāĻŽাāϜ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāϜāύ āύাāĻ—ā§°িāĻ•—āϏāĻ•āϞোā§ąে āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒā§° āϏৈāϤে āĻŦāύ্āϧুāϤ্āĻŦ āĻ—āĻĸ়ি āϤুāϞিāϞে āĻāĻ–āύ āφāϞোāĻ•িāϤ āϏāĻŽাāϜ āĻ—āĻĸ় āϞ’āĻŦ।

āĻ•াā§°āĻŖ āĻ•িāϤাāĻĒ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āϜীā§ąāύ⧰ āϏāϤ্āϝ āϏāĻšāϚ⧰, āϜ্āĻžাāύ⧰ āĻĻীāĻĒāĻļিāĻ–া āφ⧰ু āωāύ্āύāϤ āĻ­ā§ąিāώ্āϝāϤ⧰ āĻŽূāϞ āϚাāĻŦিāĻ•াāĻ ি।

āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϜাāϤিā§° āĻ­ā§ąিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻ•িāĻšā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āϏংāĻ•āϟাāĻĒāύ্āύ?

āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϜাāϤি āχāϤিāĻšাāϏ⧰ āĻāĻ• āωāύ্āύāϤ āϝুāĻ—āϤ āĻŦাāϏ āϕ⧰ি āφāĻ›ে। āĻŦিāϜ্āĻžাāύ, āĻĒ্ā§°āϝুāĻ•্āϤি, āϚিāĻ•িā§ŽāϏা āφ⧰ু āϝোāĻ—াāϝোāĻ— āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাā§° āĻ…āĻ­ূāϤāĻĒূā§°্āĻŦ āĻŦিāĻ•াāĻļে āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϏāĻŽাāϜāĻ• āĻŦāĻšু āφāĻ—ুā§ąাāχ āϞৈ āĻ—ৈāĻ›ে। āϚāύ্āĻĻ্ā§° āĻ…āĻ­িāϝাāύ, āĻ•ৃāϤ্ā§°িāĻŽ āĻŦুāĻĻ্āϧিāĻŽāϤ্āϤা, āφāϧুāύিāĻ• āϚিāĻ•িā§ŽāϏা, āφ⧰ু āĻĄিāϜিāϟেāϞ āĻŦিāĻĒ্āĻ˛ā§ąে āϜীā§ąāύ āϏāĻšāϜ āϕ⧰ি āϤুāϞিāĻ›ে। āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāχ āϏাāĻĢāϞ্āϝ⧰ āĻŽাāϜāϤে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāϜুā§°ি āĻāĻ• āĻ—āĻ­ীā§° āωāĻĻ্āĻŦেāĻ—ā§° āϏৃāώ্āϟি āĻšৈāĻ›ে—āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϜাāϤিā§° āĻ­ā§ąিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āφāϜি āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āϏংāĻ•āϟ⧰ āĻ•āĻŦāϞāϤ āĻĒā§°িāĻ›ে। āϜāϞāĻŦাāϝ়ু āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ, āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻূāώāĻŖ, āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝা āĻŦিāϏ্āĻĢোā§°āĻŖ, āϝুāĻĻ্āϧ-āĻŦিāĻ—্ā§°āĻš, āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻā§° āĻ…āĻĒāĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āφ⧰ু āύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻ…ā§ąāĻ•্āώāϝ় āφāĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϏāĻ­্āϝāϤাāĻ• āĻāĻ• āĻ…āύিāĻļ্āϚিāϤ āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āϝāϤ⧰ āĻĻিāĻļে āĻ েāϞি āĻĻিāĻ›ে।

ā§§. āϜāϞāĻŦাāϝ়ু āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ āφ⧰ু āĻ—্āϞোāĻŦেāϞ ā§ąাā§°্āĻŽিং

āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϜাāϤিā§° āĻ­ā§ąিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āϏংāĻ•āϟাāĻĒāύ্āύ āĻšোā§ąাā§° āĻ…āύ্āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻĄাāϙ⧰ āĻ•াā§°āĻŖ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āϜāϞāĻŦাāϝ়ু āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ। āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒাāϝ়āύ, āϝাāύ-āĻŦাāĻšāύ⧰ āϧোঁā§ąা, āĻŦāύ āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āφ⧰ু āĻ•āϝ়āϞা-āϤেāϞ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°ā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ āĻŦাāϝ়ুāĻŽāĻŖ্āĻĄāϞāϤ āĻ•াāϰ্āĻŦāύ āĻĄাāχ āĻ…āĻ•্āϏাāχāĻĄā§° āĻĒā§°িāĻŽাāĻŖ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে। āχāϝ়াā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦীā§° āĻ—āĻĄ় āωāώ্āĻŖāϤা āĻĻ্ā§°ুāϤāĻ—āϤিāϤ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে।

āĻŦিāĻļেāώāϜ্āĻžāϏāĻ•āϞ⧰ āĻŽāϤে, āĻŦিāĻ—āϤ āĻļāϤাāĻŦ্āĻĻীāϤ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āωāώ্āĻŖāϤা āĻĒ্ā§°াāϝ় ā§§ āĻĄিāĻ—্ā§°ী āϚেāϞāϚিāϝ়াāĻ›āϤāĻ•ৈ āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে। āĻāχ āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ⧰ āĻĢāϞāϤ—

  • āĻšিāĻŽāĻŦাāĻš āĻ—āϞিāĻ›ে
  • āϏাāĻ—ā§°ā§° āĻĒাāύী āϏ্āϤ⧰ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে
  • āĻ…āϤিāĻŦৃāώ্āϟি, āĻŦাāύāĻĒাāύী āφ⧰ু āĻ–ā§°াং āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে
  • āĻ•ৃāώি āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒাāĻĻāύāϤ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ­াā§ą āĻĒā§°িāĻ›ে

āχāϝ়াā§° āĻĻ্āĻŦাā§°া āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝ āϏংāĻ•āϟ āφ⧰ু āĻŦাāϏāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āϏংāĻ•āϟ āϏৃāώ্āϟি āĻšোā§ąাā§° āφāĻļংāĻ•া āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে।

⧍. āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻূāώāĻŖ āφ⧰ু āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āϏংāĻ•āϟ

āφāϜি āĻŦাāϝ়ু, āĻĒাāύী āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāϟিā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻূāώāĻŖ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻāĻ• āĻĄাāϙ⧰ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāĻ›ে। āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ āĻ•াā§°āĻ–াāύাā§° āĻŦিāώাāĻ•্āϤ āĻ—েāĻ›, āĻĒ্āϞাāώ্āϟিāĻ• āĻ†ā§ąā§°্āϜāύা, ā§°াāϏাāϝ়āύিāĻ• āĻŦāϰ্āϜ্āϝ āφ⧰ু āύāĻ—ā§°ীāϝ় āϜীā§ąāύ⧰ āϧোঁā§ąাāχ āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļ āĻĻূāώিāϤ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে।

āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āϏংāϏ্āĻĨাā§° āĻŽāϤে, āĻŦাāϝ়ু āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻূāώāĻŖā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻŦāϛ⧰ি āϞাāĻ– āϞাāĻ– āϞোāĻ• āĻ…āĻ•াāϞāϤে āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুāĻŦā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰ে। āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻূāώāĻŖে āϏৃāώ্āϟি āϕ⧰ে

  • āĻ•্āϝাāύ্āϏাā§°
  • āĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ-āĻĒ্ā§°āĻļ্āĻŦাāϏāϜāύিāϤ ā§°োāĻ—
  • āĻšৃāĻĻā§°োāĻ—
  • āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ• āϚাāĻĒ

āĻĒ্āϞাāώ্āϟিāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻূāώāĻŖে āϏাāĻ—ā§° āφ⧰ু āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝ āĻļৃংāĻ–āϞāϞৈāĻ•ে āĻŦিāώাāĻ•্āϤ āϕ⧰ি āϤুāϞিāĻ›ে। āĻāχāĻŦিāϞাāĻ• āϏংāĻ•āϟে āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϜীā§ąāύāĻ• āĻŦিāĻĒāĻĻāϤ āĻĒেāϞাāχāĻ›ে।

ā§Š. āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝা āĻŦিāϏ্āĻĢোā§°āĻŖ

āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝা āχāϤিāĻŽāϧ্āϝে ā§Ž āĻŦিāϞিāϝ়āύ⧰ āϏীāĻŽা āĻ…āϤিāĻ•্ā§°āĻŽ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে। āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝা āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϜাāϤিā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻāĻ• āĻŦৃāĻšā§Ž āϚাāĻĒ āϏৃāώ্āϟি āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে। āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝাā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ—

  • āĻ–াāĻĻ্āϝ āϏংāĻ•āϟ
  • āĻŦিāĻļুāĻĻ্āϧ āĻĒাāύীā§° āĻ…āĻ­াā§ą
  • āĻŦেāĻ•াā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা
  • āĻŦাāϏāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āϏংāĻ•āϟ
  • āĻŦāύ āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āφ⧰ু āύāĻ—ā§°াāϝ়āĻŖ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি

āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āϏীāĻŽিāϤ, āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āϚাāĻšিāĻĻা āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒোā§ąা āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϏāĻ­্āϝāϤাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āĻ—āĻ­ীā§° āϏংāĻ•āϟ।

ā§Ē. āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻā§° āĻ…āĻĒāĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§°

āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϜাāϤিāϝ়ে āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤিā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āĻ…āϤি āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āĻšাā§°āϤ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰ি āĻļেāώ āϕ⧰ি āĻĒেāϞাāχāĻ›ে। āĻŦāύ āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ, āĻ–āύিāϜ āωāϤ্āϤোāϞāύ, āύāĻĻী āĻĻূāώāĻŖ, āĻĒাāĻšাā§° āĻ•āϟা āφāĻĻি āĻ•াā§°āĻŖে āĻĒā§°িā§ąেāĻļā§° āĻ­াā§°āϏাāĻŽ্āϝ āύāώ্āϟ āĻšৈāĻ›ে।

āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āĻŦāϛ⧰ে āĻĒৃāĻĨিā§ąীāϤ āϞাāĻ– āϞাāĻ– āĻšেāĻ•্āϟ⧰ āĻŦāύāĻ­ূāĻŽি āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āĻšāϝ়। āχāϝ়াā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ—

  • āϜীāĻŦ āĻŦৈāϚিāϤ্āϰ্āϝ āĻš্ā§°াāϏ āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে
  • āĻŦāĻšু āĻĒ্ā§°āϜাāϤি āĻŦিāϞুāĻĒ্āϤ āĻšৈāĻ›ে
  • āϜāϞāϚāĻ•্āϰ āĻŦিāϘ্āύিāϤ āĻšৈāĻ›ে
  • āĻŦāύ্āϝāĻĒ্ā§°াāĻŖী āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ąā§° āĻŽাāϜāϤ āϏংāϘ⧰্āώ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে

āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϜীā§ąāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤিā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύিā§°্āĻ­ā§°āĻļীāϞ, āϏেāϝ়েāĻšে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϜাāϤিā§° āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ⧰ āĻĒāĻĨ āĻŽুāĻ•āϞি āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে।

ā§Ģ. āϝুāĻĻ্āϧ-āĻŦিāĻ—্ā§°āĻš āφ⧰ু āĻĒā§°āĻŽাāĻŖু āĻ…āϏ্āϤ্ā§°ā§° āĻŦিāĻĒāĻĻ

āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦā§° āĻŦāĻšু āĻĻেāĻļāϤ āĻāϤিāϝ়াāĻ“ āϝুāĻĻ্āϧ āφ⧰ু āϏংāϘ⧰্āώ āϚāϞি āφāĻ›ে। āϝুāĻĻ্āϧāχ āĻŽাāύুāĻšā§° āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻŖāĻšাāύি āϕ⧰াā§° āϞāĻ—āϤে āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ•-āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻ•াāĻ াāĻŽো āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āϕ⧰ে। āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻ•ৈ āĻĒā§°āĻŽাāĻŖু āĻ…āϏ্āϤ্ā§° āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϏāĻ­্āϝāϤাā§° āĻŦাāĻŦে āφāϟাāχāϤāĻ•ৈ āĻĄাāϙ⧰ āĻ­াāĻŦুāĻ•ি।

āϝāĻĻি āĻĒā§°āĻŽাāĻŖু āϝুāĻĻ্āϧ āϏংāϘāϟিāϤ āĻšāϝ়, āϤেāύ্āϤে—

  • āĻ•োāϟি āĻ•োāϟি āϞোāϕ⧰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু
  • āĻŦিāĻ•িā§°āĻŖāϜāύিāϤ ā§°োāĻ—
  • āĻ•ৃāώি āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ
  • āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒী āϜāϞāĻŦাāϝ়ু āĻŦিāĻĒāϰ্āϝāϝ়

āĻāχ āϏāĻ•āϞো āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϏāĻ­্āϝāϤাā§° āĻ…āύ্āϤ āĻĒā§°্āϝāύ্āϤ āφāύিāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে।

ā§Ŧ. āύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻ…ā§ąāĻ•্āώāϝ় āφ⧰ু āϏāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻ…āĻŦāĻ•্āώāϝ়

āφāϜিā§° āϝুāĻ—āϤ āφāϧুāύিāĻ•āϤা āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāϞেāĻ“ āϏāĻŽাāϜāϤ āύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻŽূāϞ্āϝāĻŦোāϧ āĻš্ā§°াāϏ āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে। āϞোāĻ­, āĻšিংāϏা, āϏ্āĻŦাā§°্āĻĨāĻĒā§°āϤা, āĻ­্ā§°āώ্āϟাāϚাā§°, āϧ⧰্āĻŽীāϝ় āĻŦিāĻĻ্āĻŦেāώ āφāĻĻিāϝ়ে āϏāĻŽাāϜāĻ• āĻŦিāĻ­āĻ•্āϤ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে।

āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ąিāĻ• āĻ—ুāĻŖাāĻŦāϞী āύোāĻšোā§ąা āϏāĻŽাāϜāϤ āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ āϏ্āĻĨাāϝ়ী āύāĻšāϝ়। āĻļাāύ্āϤি, āϏāĻšāĻŽāϰ্āĻŽিāϤা āφ⧰ু āϏāĻšāύāĻļীāϞāϤা āύাāĻĨাāĻ•িāϞে āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻ…āύ্āϧāĻ•াā§°āĻŽāϝ় āĻšৈ āĻĒā§°িāĻŦ।

ā§­. āĻŽāĻšাāĻŽাā§°ী āφ⧰ু āύāϤুāύ ā§°োāĻ—ā§° āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ąāύা

āĻ•'āĻ­িāĻĄ-⧧⧝ āĻŽāĻšাāĻŽাā§°ীāϝ়ে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦাāϏীāĻ• āĻĻেāĻ–ুā§ąাāχ āĻĻিāϞে āϝে āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϜাāϤি āĻ•িāĻŽাāύ āĻ…āϏāĻšাāϝ়। āύāϤুāύ āĻ­াāχ⧰াāĻ›, āĻŦেāĻ•্āϟেā§°িāϝ়া āφ⧰ু āϜāϞāĻŦাāϝ়ু āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ⧰ āĻĢāϞāϤ āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āĻ¯ā§ŽāϤ āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āĻŽāĻšাāĻŽাā§°ী āϏৃāώ্āϟি āĻšোā§ąাā§° āφāĻļংāĻ•া āφāĻ›ে।

āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨা āĻĒ্ā§°āϏ্āϤুāϤ āύাāĻĨাāĻ•িāϞে āĻāύে āĻŽāĻšাāĻŽাā§°ী āĻĒুāύ⧰ āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϏāĻ­্āϝāϤাāĻ• āĻŦিāĻĒāĻĻāϤ āĻĒেāϞাāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে।

 āĻļেāώāϤ āĻ•’āĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি āϝে āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϜাāϤিā§° āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āφāϜি āĻŦāĻšু āĻĻিāĻļā§° āĻĒā§°া āϏংāĻ•āϟাāĻĒāύ্āύ। āϜāϞāĻŦাāϝ়ু āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤāύ, āĻĒ্ā§°āĻĻূāώāĻŖ, āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝা āĻŦিāϏ্āĻĢোā§°āĻŖ, āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ, āϝুāĻĻ্āϧ-āĻŦিāĻ—্ā§°āĻš, āύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻ…ā§ąāĻ•্āώāϝ় āφ⧰ু āĻŽāĻšাāĻŽাā§°ীāϝ়ে āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϏāĻ­্āϝāϤাāĻ• āĻ—āĻ­ীā§° āĻŦিāĻĒāĻĻā§° āĻŽুāĻ–āϤ āĻ েāϞি āĻĻিāĻ›ে।

āϤāĻĨাāĻĒিāĻ“ āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϜাāϤিā§° āφāĻļা āĻļেāώ āĻšোā§ąা āύাāχ। āϝāĻĻি āφāĻŽি āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤি āϏংā§°āĻ•্āώāĻŖ āϕ⧰োঁ, āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ āϏāĻ িāĻ•āĻ­াā§ąে āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšাā§° āϕ⧰োঁ, āĻļাāύ্āϤি āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāώ্āĻ া āϕ⧰োঁ āφ⧰ু āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ąিāĻ• āĻŽূāϞ্āϝāĻŦোāϧ āĻĒুāύ⧰ āϜাāĻ—্ā§°āϤ āϕ⧰োঁ, āϤেāύ্āϤে āĻāĻ• āϏুāϏ্āĻĨ, āϏুā§°āĻ•্āώিāϤ āφ⧰ু āωāύ্āύāϤ āĻ­ā§ąিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻ—āĻĸ়িāĻŦ āĻĒā§°া āϝাāĻŦ। āϏāϚেāϤāύāϤা āφ⧰ু āϏāĻšāϝোāĻ—িāϤাāχ āĻŽাāĻ¨ā§ą āϜাāϤিā§° āĻĒā§°ā§ąā§°্āϤী āĻĒ্ā§°āϜāύ্āĻŽāĻ• ā§°āĻ•্āώা āϕ⧰িāĻŦ।

āϏাāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ• āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ āφ⧰ু ā§°াāϜāύীāϤিā§° ā§°েāĻšā§°ূāĻĒ

āĻ…āϏāĻŽ āĻšৈāĻ›ে āĻ­াā§°āϤāĻŦā§°্āώ⧰ āωāϤ্āϤ⧰-āĻĒূā§°্āĻŦাāĻž্āϚāϞ⧰ āĻāĻ• āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ ā§°াāϜ্āϝ। āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ, āω⧰্āĻŦā§° āĻ­ূāĻŽি, āϚাāĻš āωāĻĻ্āϝোāĻ—, āϤেāϞ-āĻ—েāĻ› āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻ, āĻŦৃāĻšā§Ž āύāĻĻী-āĻŦāύাāĻž্āϚāϞ āφ⧰ু āĻŦৈāϚিāϤ্āϰ্āϝāĻŽāϝ় āϏংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤিā§°ে āĻ…āϏāĻŽে āĻāĻ• āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻĒā§°িāϚāϝ় āĻŦāĻšāύ āϕ⧰ি āφāĻšিāĻ›ে। āϏাāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ• āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ⧰ āĻ—āϤি āωāϞ্āϞেāĻ–āϝোāĻ—্āϝāĻ­াā§ąে āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে। āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāĻ•ে āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤে ā§°াāϜ্āϝāĻ–āύ⧰ ā§°াāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻĒā§°িāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিāϤো āĻŦāĻšু āύāϤুāύ āϧাā§°া āφ⧰ু āĻĒā§°িāĻŦā§°্āϤāύ āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ—ৈāĻ›ে। āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ āφ⧰ু ā§°াāϜāύীāϤি āĻāχ āĻĻুāϟা āĻŦিāώāϝ় āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ•-āĻ…āϰ্āĻĨāύৈāϤিāĻ• āφ⧰ু āϏাংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āĻ­ā§ąিāώ্āϝāϤ⧰ āϏৈāϤে āĻ—āĻ­ীā§°āĻ­াā§ąে āϜāĻĄ়িāϤ।

āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ⧰ āϏাāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ• āϚিāϤ্ā§°

āϏাāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ• āĻŦāϛ⧰āϏāĻŽূāĻšāϤ āĻ…āϏāĻŽে āĻĒāĻĨ-āϘাāϟ, āĻĻāϞং, ā§°েāϞ, āĻŦিāĻŽাāύāĻŦāύ্āĻĻā§° āφāĻĻি āϝোāĻ—াāϝোāĻ— āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻŦāĻšু āωāύ্āύāϤি āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে। āύāϤুāύ āĻšাāĻ‡ā§ąে āύিā§°্āĻŽাāĻŖ, āĻ—্ā§°াāĻŽাāĻž্āϚāϞāϞৈ āĻĒāĻ•ী āĻĒāĻĨā§° āϏংāϝোāĻ—, āĻŦ্ā§°āĻš্āĻŽāĻĒুāϤ্ā§°ā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻĻāϞং āύিā§°্āĻŽাāĻŖ āφāĻĻিā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ ā§°াāϜ্āϝāĻ–āύ⧰ āĻ­িāϤ⧰ুā§ąা āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞāϏāĻŽূāĻš āϏāĻšāϜে āύāĻ—ā§° āφ⧰ু āĻŦাāĻŖিāϜ্āϝিāĻ• āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°ā§° āϏৈāϤে āϏংāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻšৈāĻ›ে। āĻāχ āωāύ্āύāϤ āϝোāĻ—াāϝোāĻ— āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāχ āωāĻĻ্āϝোāĻ— āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ āφ⧰ু āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏাāϝ়-āĻŦাāĻŖিāϜ্āϝ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧিāϤ āϏāĻšাāϝ় āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে।

āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤো āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ⧰ āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•্āώেāĻĒ āϞāĻ•্āώ্āϝ āϕ⧰া āϝাāϝ়। āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়āϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻŽাāύোāύ্āύāϝ়āύ, āύāϤুāύ āĻ•āϞেāϜ-āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ় āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ, āĻĄিāϜিāϟেāϞ āĻļিāĻ•্āώা āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϚāϞāύ āφāĻĻিā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ āĻļিāĻ•্āώাā§° āϏুāϝোāĻ—-āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে। āωāϚ্āϚāĻļিāĻ•্āώাāϤ āĻ—ā§ąেāώāĻŖা āφ⧰ু āĻĒেāĻļাāĻ—āϤ āĻĒাāĻ ্āϝāĻ•্āϰāĻŽā§° āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤো āύāϤুāύ āĻĻিāĻļ āωāύ্āĻŽোāϚāύ āĻšৈāĻ›ে। āĻāĻ•ে āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤে āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āĻ–āĻŖ্āĻĄāϤ āύāϤুāύ āϚিāĻ•িā§ŽāϏাāϞāϝ়, āϚিāĻ•িā§ŽāϏা āĻŽāĻšাāĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϞāϝ়, āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻĨāĻŽিāĻ• āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§° āφ⧰ু āĻŦিāύাāĻŽূāϞীāϝ়া āϚিāĻ•িā§ŽāϏা āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āϕ⧰া āĻšৈāĻ›ে।

āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāύীāϤিā§° āĻŽূāϞ āĻ­েāϟি āĻ•ৃāώি, āϚাāĻš āωāĻĻ্āϝোāĻ— āφ⧰ু āĻ•্āώুāĻĻ্ā§° āωāĻĻ্āϝোāĻ—। āφāϧুāύিāĻ• āĻ•ৃāώি āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤি, āϜৈā§ąিāĻ• āĻ•ৃāώিā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϚাā§°, āĻ•ৃāώāϕ⧰ āϏāĻšাāϝ়āĻ•āĻŽূāϞāĻ• āφঁāϚāύি, āφ⧰ু āϚাāĻš āωāĻĻ্āϝোāĻ—āϤ āύāϤুāύ āĻŦিāύিāϝ়োāĻ—ে ā§°াāϜ্āϝāĻ–āύ⧰ āĻ…ā§°্āĻĨāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻŦিāĻ•াāĻļāϤ āϏāĻšাāϝ় āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে। āϞāĻ—āϤে āĻĒā§°্āϝāϟāύ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤো āĻ•াāϜিā§°āĻ™া, āĻŽাāύāϏ, āĻĄিāĻŦ্ā§°ু-āϚৈāĻ–োā§ąা, āĻŽাāϜুāϞী āφāĻĻি āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞ āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ⧰ āϜ⧰িāϝ়āϤে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āĻĒā§°্āϝāϟāϕ⧰ āφāϕ⧰্āώāĻŖ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে।

āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° ā§°াāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻĒā§°িāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিā§° āϧাā§°া

āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° ā§°াāϜāύীāϤি āϏāĻĻাāϝ়েāχ āĻŦৈāϚিāϤ্āϰ্āϝāĻĒূā§°্āĻŖ। āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āϜāύāĻ—োāώ্āĻ ী, āĻ­াāώা, āϧ⧰্āĻŽ āφ⧰ু āϏংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤিā§°ে āĻ—āĻ িāϤ āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° āϏāĻŽাāϜāĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨাāϤ ā§°াāϜāύীāϤি āĻāĻ• āϜāϟিāϞ āĻŦিāώāϝ়। āϏাāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ• āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤ āĻ…āϏāĻŽāϤ āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύāĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্ā§°িāĻ• ā§°াāϜāύীāϤিāϝ়ে āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°াāϧাāύ্āϝ āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে। āϚ⧰āĻ•াā§° āφ⧰ু āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ ā§°াāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻĻāϞāϏāĻŽূāĻšে āϚাāϕ⧰ি āϏৃāώ্āϟি, āϝুāĻŦāϏāĻŽাāϜ⧰ āϏুāϝোāĻ— āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি, āύāϤুāύ āωāĻĻ্āϝোāĻ— āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ āφ⧰ু āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻ•āϞ্āϝাāĻŖ āφঁāϚāύিā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦ āφ⧰োāĻĒ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে।

āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° ā§°াāϜāύীāϤিāϤ āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āϏংāĻŦেāĻĻāύāĻļীāϞ āĻŦিāώāϝ়ো āĻŦā§°্āϤāĻŽাāύেāĻ“ āĻ—ুā§°ুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ। āύাāĻ—ā§°িāĻ•āϤ্āĻŦ, āĻ…āĻŦৈāϧ āĻĒ্ā§°āĻŦ্ā§°āϜāύ, āϏীāĻŽাāύ্āϤ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা, āĻ­াāώা-āϏংāϏ্āĻ•ৃāϤি āϏংā§°āĻ•্āώāĻŖ āφāĻĻি āĻŦিāώāϝ় āĻ…āϏāĻŽীāϝ়া āϜāύāϤাā§° āĻŽāύāϤ āĻ—āĻ­ীā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ­াā§ą āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাā§° āϕ⧰ে। āĻāχ āĻŦিāώāϝ়āϏāĻŽূāĻšā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻ•েāϤিāϝ়াāĻŦা ā§°াāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻŦিāϤ⧰্āĻ• āφ⧰ু āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤেāϜāύাāĻ“ āϏৃāώ্āϟি āĻšāϝ়। āϏেāϝ়েāĻšে āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ⧰ āϞāĻ—āϤে āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āϏ্āĻĨিāϤিāĻļীāϞāϤা āĻŦāϜাāχ ā§°āĻ–া āĻ…āϏāĻŽāϤ āĻāĻ• āĻĄাāϙ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝাāĻš্āĻŦাāύ।

āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ āĻŦāύাāĻŽ āφāϤ্āĻŽ āĻĒā§°িāϚāϝ়ā§° ā§°াāϜāύীāϤি

āĻ…āϏāĻŽāϤ āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ āφ⧰ু āĻĒā§°িāϚāϝ়ā§° ā§°াāϜāύীāϤি āĻāĻ•ে āϞāĻ—āϤ āϚāϞি āφāĻ›ে। āĻāĻĢাāϞে āϝāĻĻি āύāϤুāύ āĻĒāĻĨ, āωāĻĻ্āϝোāĻ—, āĻļিāĻ•্āώা-āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āωāύ্āύāϤিā§° āĻ•āĻĨা āφāϞোāϚāύা āĻšāϝ়, āφāύāĻĢাāϞে āϜাāϤিāĻ—āϤ āĻĒā§°িāϚāϝ়, āĻ­ূāĻŽিā§° āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াā§°, āĻ­াāώাāĻ—āϤ āϏুā§°āĻ•্āώা āφāĻĻি āĻŦিāώāϝ়ো ā§°াāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āĻāϜেāĻŖ্āĻĄাā§° āĻ…ংāĻļ āĻšৈ āĻĨাāĻ•ে। āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ āϝāĻĻি āϏāĻ•āϞো āϜāύāĻ—োāώ্āĻ ী āφ⧰ু āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞāϞৈ āϏāĻŽাāύāĻ­াā§ąে āύোāĻĒোā§ąা āĻšāϝ়, āϤেāύ্āϤে āφāĻž্āϚāϞিāĻ• āĻ…āϏāύ্āϤোāώ āĻŦা āĻŦৈāώāĻŽ্āϝ āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāĻŦ āϧ⧰িāĻ›ে। āϏেāϝ়েāĻšে āϏ⧰্āĻŦāĻ…āύ্āϤāĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤিāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ⧰ āĻĻিāĻļāĻŦোā§° āĻ…āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻĒ্ā§°āϝ়োāϜāύীāϝ়।

āϝুāĻŦ-āϏāĻŽাāϜ āφ⧰ু āύāϤুāύ āφāĻļা

āϏাāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ• āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° ā§°াāϜāύীāϤিāϤ āϝুāĻŦ-āϏāĻŽাāϜ⧰ āĻ­ূāĻŽিāĻ•া āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻĒাāχāĻ›ে। āĻļিāĻ•্āώিāϤ āϝুāĻŦ-āϏāĻŽাāϜে āϚাāϕ⧰ি, āĻĻāĻ•্āώāϤা āĻŦিāĻ•াāĻļ, āωāĻĻ্āϝোāĻ— āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ, āφ⧰ু āĻĄিāϜিāϟেāϞ āĻ…āϏāĻŽ āĻ—āĻĸ়াā§° āĻĻাāĻŦী āϜāύাāχāĻ›ে। āύāϤুāύ āĻĒ্ā§°āϜāύ্āĻŽāχ āĻĒā§°āĻŽ্āĻĒā§°াāĻ—āϤ ā§°াāϜāύীāϤিā§° āĻĒā§°িā§ąā§°্āϤে āĻŦাāϏ্āĻ¤ā§ą āφ⧰ু āĻĢāϞাāĻĢāϞāĻŽুāĻ–ী āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ āφ⧰ু āϏ্āĻŦāϚ্āĻ› āĻļাāϏāύ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨা āĻ•াāĻŽāύা āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে। āĻāχ āĻĒā§°িāĻŦā§°্āϤিāϤ āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ•āϤাāχ āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° ā§°াāϜāύীāϤিāϤ āύāϤুāύ āĻ—āϤি āφāύিāĻ›ে।

āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ⧰ āĻĒ্ā§°āϤ্āϝাāĻš্āĻŦাāύ 

āϝāĻĻিāĻ“ āĻ…āϏāĻŽে āĻŦāĻšু āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ āĻ…āĻ—্ā§°āĻ—āϤি āϞাāĻ­ āϕ⧰িāĻ›ে, āϤāĻĨাāĻĒিāĻ“ āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āφāϜিāĻ“ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝāĻŽাāύ। āĻŦাāύāĻĒাāύী āφ⧰ু āύāĻĻী āĻ–āĻšāύীāϝ়া āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āϧাāύ āĻĒ্ā§°াāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা। āĻĒ্ā§°āϤি āĻŦāϛ⧰ে āĻŦাāύāĻĒাāύীāϝ়ে āĻ•ৃāώি, āϘ⧰-āĻŦাā§°ী āφ⧰ু āϝোāĻ—াāϝোāĻ— āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ąāϏ্āĻĨা āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻ—্ā§°āϏ্āϤ āϕ⧰ে। āϞāĻ—āϤে āύিā§ąāύুā§ąাā§° āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা, āĻĻā§°িāĻĻ্ā§°āϤা, āφ⧰ু āĻ•িāĻ›ুāĻŽাāύ āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞāϤ āĻŦিāĻĻ্ā§°োāĻš āĻŦা āĻ…āĻļাāύ্āϤিā§° āχāϤিāĻšাāϏো āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ⧰ āĻŦাāϧা āĻšৈ āĻĨিāϝ় āĻĻিāĻ›ে।

āĻāύে āĻĒā§°িāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিāϤ āϏুāĻĒā§°িāĻ•āϞ্āĻĒিāϤ āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ āύীāϤি, āĻļāĻ•্āϤিāĻļাāϞী ā§°াāϜāύৈāϤিāĻ• āϏāĻĻিāϚ্āĻ›া āφ⧰ু āϜāύāϏাāϧাā§°āĻŖā§° āϏāĻšāϝোāĻ—িāϤাāχ āĻ…āϏāĻŽāĻ• āĻ…āϧিāĻ• āφāĻ—ুā§ąাāχ āύিāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ে।

āϏাāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°āϤিāĻ• āĻĒ্ā§°েāĻ•্āώাāĻĒāϟāϤ āĻ…āϏāĻŽ āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ⧰ āĻĒāĻĨে āφāĻ—āĻŦাāĻĸ়ি āĻ—ৈāĻ›ে। āϝোāĻ—াāϝোāĻ—, āĻļিāĻ•্āώা, āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ, āωāĻĻ্āϝোāĻ— āφ⧰ু āĻĒā§°্āϝāϟāύ āĻ•্āώেāϤ্ā§°āϤ āύāϤুāύ āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াā§ąāύা āϏৃāώ্āϟি āĻšৈāĻ›ে। āĻāĻ•ে āϏāĻŽāϝ়āϤে āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° ā§°াāϜāύীāϤি āĻĒā§°িāϚāϝ়, āϏীāĻŽাāύ্āϤ, āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°ীāϤি āφ⧰ু āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ⧰ āĻŽাāϜāϤ āĻ­াā§°āϏাāĻŽ্āϝ ā§°āĻ•্āώা āϕ⧰িāĻŦāϞৈ āϚেāώ্āϟা āϕ⧰ি āφāĻ›ে। āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§° āĻĒ্ā§°āĻ•ৃāϤ āĻ…āĻ—্ā§°āĻ—āϤি āϤেāϤিāϝ়াāχ āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­ā§ą āĻš’āĻŦ, āϝেāϤিāϝ়া āωāύ্āύāϝ়āύ⧰ āϏুāĻĢāϞ āϏāĻ•āϞো āϜāύāĻ—āĻŖāϞৈ āϏāĻŽাāύāĻ­াā§ąে āĻĒাāĻŦ āφ⧰ু āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āĻļাāύ্āϤি-āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্ā§°ীāϤি āĻŦāϜাāχ ā§°াāĻ–ি ā§°াāϜ্āϝāĻ–āύ āĻāĻ• āωāύ্āύāϤ āĻ­ā§ąিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻ—āĻĸ়িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°িāĻŦ। āϏুāĻĻৃāĻĸ় āύেāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦ, āϏāϚেāϤāύ āύাāĻ—ā§°িāĻ• āφ⧰ু āĻ…āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤিāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āύীāϤিā§° āϏāĻšাāϝ়āϤ āĻ…āϏāĻŽে āφāĻ—āύ্āϤুāĻ• āĻĻিāύāϤ āĻāĻ• āωāϜ্āϜ্āĻŦāϞ āϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻĻāĻ–āϞ āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻŦুāϞি āφāĻļা āϕ⧰িāĻŦ āĻĒাā§°ি।

Saturday, 31 January 2026

India's enemy Pakistan is under big trouble

We Feel Ashamed Begging for Money”: Pakistan PM’s Rare Admission

In an unusually candid statement, Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif has admitted that he, along with the country’s Army Chief Field Marshal Asim Munir, has been forced to travel abroad seeking financial assistance from other nations.

Speaking at a gathering of leading Pakistani exporters in Islamabad on Friday night, Sharif opened up about the difficult economic choices his government has had to make amid the country’s continuing financial crisis.

He noted that Pakistan’s foreign exchange reserves have shown some improvement in recent months.

“The current situation is that our foreign reserves have almost doubled,” Sharif said.

However, he quickly added that this rise is largely because of loans and financial support received from “friendly countries.”

Sharif did not hide the emotional and political cost of relying on borrowed money. In a deeply personal remark, he described the humiliation that comes with repeatedly approaching other nations for help.

“We feel ashamed when Field Marshal Asim Munir and I go around the world begging for money,” he said.
“Taking loans is a huge burden on our self-respect. Our heads bow down in shame.”

The Prime Minister further explained that borrowing money often comes with strings attached, leaving Pakistan in a position where it cannot always refuse the demands of those providing assistance.

“We cannot say no to many things they want us to do,” Sharif admitted.

This rare confession highlights the growing pressure Pakistan faces as it struggles to stabilize its economy while remaining dependent on foreign loans and aid.

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