Sexual Reproduction in Bisexual Plants

Sexual reproduction in bisexual plants refers to the process where a single flower contains both male and female reproductive organs and can produce offspring through fertilization.

A bisexual flower (also called a perfect flower) has:

• Male part (Androecium) → produces pollen (male gametes)
• Female part (Gynoecium/Pistil) → contains ovules (female gametes)

Structure of a Bisexual Flower

A bisexual flower 

Main Parts:

1. Stamen (Male)

   • Anther → produces pollen grains
   • Filament → supports anther

2. Pistil/Carpel (Female)

• Stigma → receives pollen
• Style → connects stigma to ovary
• Ovary → contains ovules

A bisexual flower 

Process of Sexual Reproduction

1. 🌾 Pollination

Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma.

• Self-pollination (same flower/plant)
• Cross-pollination (different plant)

2. 🌿 Fertilization

• Pollen grain germinates on stigma
• Forms a pollen tube through style
• Male gametes travel to ovule
• One gamete fuses with egg → zygote
• Second gamete fuses with polar nuclei → endosperm
  👉 This is called double fertilization, a unique feature of flowering plants.

fertilization

Triple fusion 

3. 🌰 Seed and Fruit Formation

• Zygote → develops into embryo
• Ovule → becomes seed
• Ovary → becomes fruit

Examples of Bisexual Plants

• (China rose)
• (Mustard)
• (Lily)
• (Pea)

Key Features

• One flower contains both reproductive organs
• Can undergo self or cross-pollination
• Shows double fertilization
• Leads to seed and fruit formation
• Common in many flowering plants

Conclusion

Sexual reproduction in bisexual plants is an efficient system where a single flower can perform complete reproduction. It ensures genetic variation (especially through cross-pollination) and successful propagation of species.